Second Made-In-India vaccine soon

Second Made-In-India vaccine soon: Centre finalizes advance to deal with Hyderabad-based firm for 30 crore doses

The COVID-19 vaccine of Biological-E is currently undergoing Phase-3 clinical trials after showing promising results in Phase 1 and 2 clinical trials.

The Union Ministry of Health has finalized arrangements with Hyderabad-based vaccine manufacturer Biological-E to reserve 30 crores of COVID-19 vaccine doses. These vaccine doses will be manufactured and stockpiled by M/s Biological-E from August-December 2021. 

For this purpose, the Union Ministry of Health would be making an advance payment of Rs. 1500 crore to M/s Biological-E. 

The COVID-19 vaccine of Biological-E is currently undergoing Phase-3 clinical trials after showing promising results in Phase 1 and 2 clinical trials. The vaccine being developed by Biological-E is an RBD protein sub-unit vaccine and is likely to be available in the next few months.

The proposal of M/s Biological-E was examined and recommended for approval after due diligence by the National Expert Group on Vaccine Administration for COVID-19 (NEGVAC). 

The arrangement with M/s Biological-E is part of the wider government's endeavor to encourage indigenous vaccine manufacturers by supporting research & Development (R&D) and financial support.  

Biological-E COVID Vaccine candidate has been supported by the government from the Preclinical stage to Phase-3 studies. Department of Biotechnology has not only provided financial assistance in terms of grant-in-aid of over Rs 100 cr but has also partnered with Biological-E to conduct all animal challenge and assay studies through its Research Institute Translational Health Science Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad.

This has been undertaken as part of the government's ‘Mission COVID Suraksha- the Indian COVID-19 Vaccine Development Mission’ which was launched to reinforce and accelerate COVID-19 vaccine development efforts as part of the third stimulus package, Atmanirbhar 3.0.

The Mission aims to bring to the citizens a safe, efficacious, affordable, and accessible COVID-19 Vaccine. The Mission is supporting the development of 5-6 COVID-19 vaccine candidates. Some of these are now closer to licensure and introduction in public health systems. It has accelerated COVID-19 Vaccine development efforts and fostered a robust end-to-end vaccine development ecosystem in the country that will be available for other ongoing and future research and developmental activities for other vaccines.

China objects to Japan and Australia

 China objects to Japan and Australia playing up 'China threat'

China's foreign ministry said on Wednesday it strongly objects to Japan and Australia playing up the “China threat” and smearing China maliciously, in response to a joint statement from the two counties.

China urged all sides to stop interfering in its internal affairs, and to stop sabotaging regional peace and stability, ministry spokesman Wang Wenbin told a regular news briefing.
Japan and Australia said on Wednesday they had "serious concerns" about reported human rights abuses in China's Xinjiang region, and expressed concern about recent moves that they said weakened Hong Kong's democratic institutions.

Indian Prime Minister and Their Education Qualification

List of Prime Minister of India and their educational qualifications

  

Indian Prime Minister 

1. Jawaharlal Nehru (14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964) was the first Prime Minister of Independent India. He was also known as Pandit Nehru due to his roots with the Kashmiri Pandit community, while Indian children call him Chacha Nehru. 

Nehru went to Trinity College, Cambridge in October 1907 and graduated with an honours degree in natural science in 1910. During this period, he also studied politics, economics, history, and literature with little interest. After completing his degree in 1910, Nehru moved to London and studied law at the Inner temple. During this time, he continued to study the scholars of the Fabian Society including Beatrice Webb. 

 2. Lal Bahadur Shastri (2 October 1904 – 11 January 1966) was the second Prime Minister of India. His famous slogan "Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan" ("Hail to the soldier; Hail to the farmer") became very popular during the war Indo-Pakistan War of 1965.

 He studied in East Central Railway Inter College and Harish Chandra High School, which he left to join the non-cooperation movement. In 1925 he completed Philosophy and Ethics from Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith. Shastri's thoughts were influenced by reading about Swami Vivekananda, Gandhi, and Annie Besant. Deeply impressed and influenced by Gandhi. 

 3. Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi (19 November 1917 – 31 October 1984) She was the 3rd and first only female Prime Minister of India. Rabindranath Tagore named her Priyadarshini, literally "looking at everything with kindness" in Sanskrit, and she came to be known as Indira Priyadarshini Nehru. 

Indira Gandhi was taught mostly at home by tutors and attended school intermittently until matriculation. She was a student at the Modern School in Delhi, St Cecilia's and St Mary's Christian convent schools in Allahabad, the International School of Geneva, the Ecole Nouvelle in Bex, and the Pupils Own School in Poona and Bombay, which is affiliated with the University of Mumbai. She went on to study at the Vishwa Bharati in Santiniketan, which became Visva-Bharati University. A year later it was decided that Indira would continue her education at the University of Oxford. She attends Somerville College to study history. At Oxford, she did well in history, political science, and economics. But she returns to India without completing her studies at Oxford. 

4. Morarji Ranchhodji Desai (29 February 1896 – 10 April 1995) was the 4th Prime Minister of India. 

Morarji Desai underwent his primary schooling in The Kundla School (now called J.V. Modi School), Savarkundla, and later joined Bai Ava Bai High School, Valsad. After BA (Honors) graduation from Wilson College. 5. Chaudhary Charan Singh (23 December 1902 – 29 May 1987) was the 5th Prime Minister of India. Historians and people alike frequently refer to him as the 'champion of India's peasants. The University of Meerut city in Uttar Pradesh, India is named after him (Chaudhary Charan Singh University). He was a good student and received a Masters of Arts degree in 1925 and a Law degree in 1926 from Meerut University.

 6. Rajiv Ratna Gandhi (20 August 1944 – 21 May 1991) was the 6th Prime Minister of India and the youngest Prime Minister. 

He was admitted to the Welham Boys School, Dehradun, and Doon, Dehradun. Rajiv was sent to London to study A-levels. Rajiv was also educated at the Ecole D’Humanite an international boarding school in Switzerland. He studied engineering at Trinity College, Cambridge, but did not obtain a degree. He began a course in mechanical engineering at Imperial College London but did not complete it either. Gandhi really was not studious enough; as he went on to admit later. 

 7. Vishwanath Pratap Singh (25 June 1931 – 27 November 2008), also known as V. P. Singh was and 7th Prime Minister of India. He is India's only prime minister to have been a former ruler. 

He obtained his education from Colonel Brown Cambridge School, Dehradun, and got his Bachelor of Arts and Law degree from Allahabad University. He was the elected the vice president of Allahabad University Students Union and later received a Bachelor of Science in Physics from Fergusson College in the Pune University. 

 8. Chandra Shekhar Singh (1 July 1927 – 8 July 2007) was the eighth Prime Minister of India. He is the first Indian Prime Minister who has never held any Government office.

He was awarded a Bachelor of Arts (graduate) degree at Satish Chandra P.G. College. He attended Allahabad University, obtaining his master's degree in political science. He was known as a firebrand in student politics and started his political career with Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia. After he had completed his graduation, he became active in socialist politics.

 9. Pamulaparthi Venkata Narasimha Rao (28 June 1921 – 23 December 2004) was the 9th Prime Minister of India. He is often referred to as the "Father of Indian Economic Reforms". Narasimha Rao was popularly known as PV.

 He studied at Fergusson College and at the Universities of Mumbai and Nagpur where he obtained Bachelor's and Master's degrees in law. He could speak 17 languages including Urdu, Marathi, Kannada, Hindi, Tamil, Telugu, Sanskrit, and Oriya with a fluency akin to a native speaker. His mother tongue was Telugu. In addition to eight Indian languages, he spoke English, French, Arabic, Spanish, German, Greek, Latin, and Persian. 

 

 10. Atal Bihari Vajpayee (25 December 1924 – 16 August 2018) was the 10th Prime Minister of India. He was the first Indian prime minister not of the Indian National Congress to serve a full term in office. 

He was also noted as a poet and a writer. Vajpayee did his schooling at the Saraswati Shishu Mandir in Gwalior. In 1934, he was admitted to the Anglo-Vernacular Middle (AVM) School in Barnagar, Ujjain district, after his father joined as headmaster. He subsequently attended Gwalior's Victoria College (now Maharani Laxmi Bai Govt. College of Excellence) to study for a BA in Hindi, English, and Sanskrit. He completed his post-graduation with an MA in Political Science from DAV College, Kanpur. 

 11. Haradanahalli Doddegowda Deve Gowda (1 June 1996 to 21 April 1997) was the 11th Prime Minister of India.

 A Civil Engineering diploma holder Diploma in Civil Engineering L.V. Polytechnic. 

 12. Inder Kumar Gujral (4 December 1919 – 30 November 2012) was the 12th Prime Minister of India. Gujral's hobbies included poetry. 

He studied at DAV College; Attain Hailey College of Commerce. And also went to Forman Christian College. 

 13. Manmohan Singh (2004 to 2014) was the 13th prime Minister of India. 

He studied at Hindu College. He attended Punjab University, then in Hoshiarpur, Punjab, studying Economics and got his bachelor's and master's degrees, standing first throughout his academic career. He completed his Economics Tripos at the University of Cambridge as he was a member of St John's College. After Cambridge, Singh returned to India and served as a teacher at Punjab University. he went to the University of Oxford for the DPhil, where he was a member of Nuffield College.

 14. Narendra Damodardas Modi (2014 – Till Date) was the 14th and current prime minister of India since 2014. He is the first prime minister born after India's independence.

 Narendra Modi completed BA in Political Science from the School of Open Learning from the University of Delhi and an MA in Political Science from Gujarat University.

 To know more about the Indian Prime Minister and their Education Qualification click on the Youtube Video link given below. 

  Political Gyan - Indian Prime Minster

2k Uttarakhand Cops Positive

2k Uttarakhand Cops Positive

According to data shared by authorities, more than 2,000 Uttarakhand Police personnel tested positive for Covid-19 in the second wave and 93 percent of them had received both doses of the vaccine before contracting the infection. The data, which was shared on Tuesday, says 2,382 policemen tested positive while they were on duty between April and May. Among them, 2,204 have already recovered while five deaths were reported. According to the data, two of the five policemen who died had comorbidities. The other three were not vaccinated. While some who died were deployed on duty at the Kumbh Mela in Haridwar, Bharne said there is no link between their deaths and the religious gathering.

Vitamin D May Not Prevent COVID-19 Risk

Vitamin D May Not Prevent COVID-19 Risk

A New Study Says Vitamin D Supplement May Not Prevent COVID-19 Risk

A study made by Bonnie Patchen, a Ph.D. student at Cornell University finding the link between vitamin D and COVID-19. In her findings of the new study are similar to what she and her colleagues found with their research, which was published May 4 in the journal BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health. Patchen said that in their research, she and her colleagues looked at how well the genetic variants predicted vitamin D levels across different populations. Their results were consistent for people of European ancestry, she said, even when taking into account other factors that can affect vitamin D levels such as body mass index (BMI) and older age. But the associations were less consistent in African ancestry individuals. Patchen said the level of variation is similar to a change that might be seen with taking a low-level supplement, around 400 to 600 International Units (IU) of vitamin D. But it doesn’t necessarily address the kind of acute changes in vitamin D levels that you might get with a high-dose treatment, Patchen explained. In another study, which was published on June 1 in the journal PLOS Medicine researchers at McGill University in Canada focused on genetic variants that are linked to increased vitamin D levels. People whose DNA contains one of these variants are more likely to naturally have higher levels of vitamin D, although diet and other environmental factors can still affect those levels. 

This type of analysis called Mendelian randomization study is like a genetic simulation of a randomized controlled trial, the “gold standard” for clinical research. Researchers found that people who have one of these variants - who are more likely to have higher vitamin D levels didn’t have a lower risk for coronavirus infection, hospitalization, or severe illness due to COVID-19.

Dr. Martin Kohlmeier, a professor of nutrition in the Gillings School of Global Public Health at the University of North Carolina, said “If you feed somebody a vitamin D supplement, it doesn’t matter how much you change the bound amount, it’s how much you change the free amount that matters for innate immunity.” The problem, he explained, is that the genetic variants used in Mendelian randomization studies of vitamin D are mainly related to the gene-binding protein for vitamin D.

Another study that was published February 17 in the journal JAMA, was carried out in Brazil. Where doctors gave patients COVID-19 patients a single oral dose of 200,000 IU of vitamin D, which is a very high dose, one that should only be taken under medical supervision or an inactive placebo. Researchers found that the large dose of vitamin D had no effect on patients’ length of stay in the hospital.

Dr. David Meltzer, a professor of medicine at The University of Chicago Medicine and his colleagues did their own analysis of the data from this study. They found that for people with low vitamin D levels, there was no effect of vitamin D levels on COVID-19 outcome. But it was a different story for people who entered the hospital with higher levels. The people with high vitamin D who were given additional vitamin D actually did better. 

Like Kohlmeier, Meltzer thinks it’s important to test the effect of vitamin D supplementation on COVID-19 risk, rather than just look at the levels in the blood. The vitamin D intake that you have on a daily basis or the amount you produce through sun exposure probably matters to some degree, he said, independently of your blood levels.

The results from these studies, which may not be available until later this year may provide a better idea of whether vitamin D can prevent respiratorily infections such as COVID-19.

Indian Warrior Queen - Rani Sukadei

Indian Warrior Queen - Rani Sukadei

Rani Sukadei(1686 A.D. - 1726 A.D.) was an Indian warrior queen of the princely state of Banki, Odisha. She is known for her display of courage and bravery in the battles against Gajapati of Khurda and is regarded as the only undefeated warrior queen in Indian history.

Indian Warrior Queen - Rani Sukadei

Queen Sukadei was born in 1686 A.D to the king of Badamba(Cuttack), Odisha, Maharaj Balabhadra Bira Bara Mangraj and his queen Maharani Jayanta Debi. Rajkumari Sukadei during her childhood was very playful and inquisitive. One day while watching her brother, Rajkumar Fakir Chandra practice sword fighting, she expressed her desire to learn the same to her father. Maharaja agreed to it and arranged tutors to train Rajkumari Sukadei in sword fighting and teach her other warfare skills. Rajkumari Sukadei married the King of Banki(Cuttack), Odisha, Maharaja Dhananjay Trilokyanath Harichandan Deb. Their union strengthened the ties between the two princely states, Banki and Badamba nowadays in Cuttack. 

After marrying the King of Banki Princess becomes the Queen of the princely state of Banki, Odisha. After their marriage, Royal Couple visited the Jagannath temple at Puri for the blessing of Lord Jagannath.  when their on the way back to Banki, they were invited by the King of Khurda, Gajapati Gopinath Deva to his court. It is said that when the Raja and Rani paid a visit to Gajapati. Gajapati at Sukadei's first sight got attracted to her so much so that he planned an attack on Banki in order to woo her as soon as the King and Queen departed for Banki from Khurda.  

Raja Dhananjay refused to accede his kingdom to Khurda on Gajapati's demand, thus decided to fight a war with the Gajapati. Now both the army is ready for war at the battleground of Ragadigrama. The Battle of Ragadigrama is ready to witness a history that was going to be created for the first time in Odisha History. The combined armies of Badamba and Banki fought with the army of Khurda. As the army of Khurda is huge in size after the combination of both the army.  The Gajapati's army still outnumbered the combined armies of the defendants. Raja Dhananjay suffered huge losses at the hands of Gajapati. He was ultimately killed in the battle.

At the Battle of Ragadigrama - Rani Sukadei

When this news reached Sukadei it devastated her but then she got determined to protect her husband's kingdom. Only when the commanders of Banki had accepted defeat. Sukadei emerged and motivated the soldiers and commanders not to lose hope. She declared that the war is not over and she shall herself lead the army to the battleground. In the afternoon Sukadei marched with a troop of 700 soldiers towards the Gajapati's camp. Both the armies again met at Ragadigrama. Sukadei single-handedly killed several soldiers of the Gajapati's army. She challenged the Gajapati for a fight. Gajapati undermining her abilities stepped down from his horse to fight with her accepting her challenge. The valiant queen defeated the Gajapati and captured him, thus ending the war.

Now everyone is going to witness Rani Sukadei's Judgment, which she was supposed to give the next day. When everyone expected her to behead the Gajapati to seek revenge for her husband's death. Rani Sukadei surprised everyone when she came forward and forgave the Gajapati. She said that she being a widow knows the sufferings attached to the life of a widow, she would not let any other woman go through the same and thus let the Gajapati free. It is also said that because the Queen was an epitome of justice and peace, she forgave the Gajapati as she did not want to initiate a series of wars between Banki and Khurda that would continue for generations, only to seek vengeance, had she punished the Gajapati.

The Battle of Ragadigrama and wise Judgment has created another History in India. This made her the Indian Warrior Queen Rani Sukadei. Rani Sukadei dies at the middle age of her life in the year of 1726 A.D.

Kirna Sena Protest Against Akshay Kumar’s “Prithviraj”

Kirna Sena Protest Against Akshay Kumar’s “Prithviraj”

Akshay Kumar's ambitious project Prithviraj has received the threat from Kiran Sena overs its title. It was not the first time the organization has taken umbrage over the movies. 

The Shree Rajput Karni Sena has turned its attention towards the upcoming Akshay Kumar’s “Prithviraj” and is demanding that the title be changed. The YRF film is a biopic on emperor Prithviraj Chauhan and is directed by Chandraparaksh Dwivedi. Filmmaker Surjeet Singh Rathore, president of the Youth Wing of the Karni Sena has put up three conditions for the film. It even warned that if Akshay and Aditya Chopra do not accept their demand, they will face a situation similar to Sanjay Leela Bhansali during Padmaavat.

Karni Sena has three conditions, which included, ‘screening of the film before its release, ‘the film be shown to the Rajput society’, and the ‘title of the film to have the full name - Veer Yoddha Samrat Prithviraj Chauhan’.

Sharing clippings on his Instagram page, Rathore wrote in Hindi that the organization respects Akshay Kumar. He added that the producer Aditya Chopra should respect the last ‘Hindu Samrat’ and use his name with due respect. He warned that otherwise, consequences would be the same as they were during Padmaavat’s release. And that YRF would be responsible for all the losses.